History of the IPA

  • The Handbook of the International Phonetic Association
  • M K C MacMahon: 'The International Phonetic Association: the first 100 years', Journal of the International Phonetic Association, Vol 16, 1986, pp 30-38
  • Principles of the International Phonetic Association, London: Department of Phonetics, University College London, 1949, inside covers. Also reproduced in: Journal of the International Phonetic Association, Vol 40, 3, 2010. pp 299-358.
  • R W Albright: The International Phonetic Alphabet: Its Backgrounds and Development (Publication Seven of the Indiana University Research Center in Anthropology, Folklore, and Linguistics, 1958); also Part III of International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol 24, No 1. B. 1958.
  • For reproductions of some earlier IPA charts, including the first one in 1888, see MacMahon, M K C, 'Phonetic notation', in Daniels, P T & Bright, W (eds), The World's Writing Systems, OUP: New York & Oxford, 1996, pp 821-46.
  • The part played by Paul Passy, Daniel Jones and other phoneticians in the development of the Association is set out in detail in Collins, Beverley & Mees, Inger, The Real Professor Higgins: the life and career of Daniel Jones, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1999.
  • Journal of the International Phonetic Association, Vol 40, 3, 2010. pp 299-358. This issue includes articles on the '40th anniversary of JIPA', 'Joining the IPA — 100 years ago', 'Sample articles from Le Maître Phonétique', and the 'Principles of the International Phonetic Association'.

Presidents of the IPA

2023-: Katerina Nicolaidis Katerina Nicolaidis
2019-23: Michael Ashby Michael Ashby
2015-19: Patricia Keating Patricia Keating
2011-15: John Esling John Esling
2010-11: none
2007-10: Gösta Bruce (d. 2010) Gosta Bruce
2003-07: John Wells John Wells
1999-03: Klaus Kohler Klaus Kohler
1995-99: John Ohala John Ohala
1991-95: John Laver John Laver
1985-91: Peter Ladefoged Peter Ladefoged
1984-85: A. C. Gimson (d. 1985) A C Gimson
1977-83: none listed in JIPA issues
1969-77: S. K. (Suniti Kumar) Chatterji (d. May 1977) Suniti Kumar Chatterji
1967-69: none listed in Le Maître Phonétique (MF) issues
1950-67: Daniel Jones Daniel Jones
1940-50: none listed in MF issues
1927-40: Paul Passy (d. 1940) Paul Passy
1917-27: none
(MF was not published 1915-22)
1888-1917: Wilhelm Viëtor (d. 1917) Vietor Wilhelm
1888-1912: Henry Sweet, Honorary President Henry Sweet
January to April 1888: E. Oswald Kenyon, President of the Phonetic Teachers' Association (FTA)
1886-88: Paul Passy Paul Passy

Council Members of the IPA (1955-present)

The list, up to 2027, was compiled by Christos Zagoras, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 2025, and the PDF file can be downloaded from here.

Further information

For further information about any aspect of the history of the IPA, contact Michael Ashby
e-mail: m.ashby@ucl.ac.uk